Logo
Prev
Bookmark
Rotate
Print
Next
Contents
All Pages
Related Articles
Browse Issues
Help
Search
Home
'
National Geographic : 1989 Jul
Contents
PP_ 0111% The March of Revolution Heady patriotism united Europe's most populous country, 28 million strong, under a new flag that joined the blue and red of Paris with the white of the royal Bourbon family. The bonnet rouge-a cap like that worn by freed Roman slaves-became the rage. Alarmed by foreign threats to counter the Revolution, France declared war on Austria in April 1792. By spring 1793 France was fighting most of Europe-wars that ended with Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo in 1815. 1788 Louis XVI summons Estates Generalto effect tax reform; a di sastrousharvest and severe winter wreak famine and discontent. 1789 May 5: Estates Generalmeets. June 20: Newly declared National Assembly takes Tennis Court Oath to create a constitution. July 14: Fall of the Bastille. August 4-11: Manorialfees and aris tocraticprivileges abolished. August 26: Declarationof the Rights ofMan and of the Citizen. October6: Royal family brought from Versailles to Paris. November 2: Church landnational ized for sale; laterused as collat eral for papermoney-a novelty calledassignats. 1790 July 12: Civil Constitution of Clergy requires election of clergy men as state employees; unpopular with conservative Catholicsfrom peasants to the king. 1791 June 21: Royal family attempts to flee France. October 1: Legislative Assembly meets under first constitution. King has power of veto. Male suf frage determinedby income level. 1792 April 20: War declared on Austria, alliedwith Prussia. April 25: Guillotine first used in France. August 10: Tuileries attacked;royal family imprisonedon the 13th. September 2-7: Massacreof 1,200 Parisprisoners,most common criminals. September 20: French victory at Valmy. September 21: NationalConvention declares Francea republic. December: Louis on trial. 1793 January21: Louis guillotined. February 1: War declaredon Great Britain and the UnitedProvinces. March 7: War declaredon Spain. March 10: Revolutionary Tribunal establishedfor political crimes. Vendee revolt begins. March 28: More than 100,000 emigres declared legally dead; property later confiscated by government. April 6: Committee of Public Safety created. June 2: Moderate leaders expelled from Convention; most guillotined in October. The Terror-trialand execution of politicalprisoners reigns untilJuly 1794. August: Metric system adopted. August 23: Firstmodern conscrip tion-singlemen 18 to 25. October 5: Revolutionarycalendar adopted; this date becomes 14 Vendemiaire (grapeharvest), Year II. Months named for seasonal characteristicsand divided into three ten-day weeks. Revoked 1806. October 16: Marie Antoinette, age 37, guillotined. November 10: Festival of Reason celebrated in Notre Dame. 1794 February4: Slavery legally abolishedin colonies. June 8: Festivalof the Supreme Being, promoted by Robespierre to discourage atheism. June 10-July 27: The Great Terror tribunalcondemns nearly 1,400 in Paris. July 28: Robespierreguillotined. December 24: Price controls end; wild inflationand food shortages. 1795 May-June: The White Terror retaliatorykillings of thousands of radicalrepublicans. November 1: An elected bicameral directory convenes. 1799 November 9-10: Coup d'etat by Napoleon Bonaparte-emperor in May 1804. V 4 Brest British fleet blockade British and allied ships blockaded France's Atlantic and Mediterranean ports, interrupting commerce and threatening famine. Britain also spread counterfeit French currency to boost inflation. o ,ookm o B IOO mi NGSCARTORAPHIC DIVISION DESIGN:DAVIDE. CHANDLER RESEARCH:ROSSM. EMERSON PRODUCTION:VICTORIAMcANALLEN, MICKIMORAN,RAMSEYMURRAY MAPEDITOR:GUSPLATIS ?Clj~ . : *^^ l3 ' '.'-.-'' ^^ *s * ' .rei-.' -'*'*''- . ^u*: -^- :l . .::: *J?**/:*:* .*::* - ...:^ ^.:** l * l - : *-y,fi^;:,c
Links
Archive
1989 Aug
1989 Jun
Navigation
Previous Page
Next Page